| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Les Fêtes Chinoises ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Les Fêtes Chinoises
''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' is an 18th-century ballet by Jean-Georges Noverre (1727–1810). The exact date of the ballet's composition is unknown but it was probably created in 1751 for Marseilles, where Noverre was ballet master. Revivals followed in Lyon and Strasbourg and the ballet was staged in Paris on Monday, 1 July 1754 at the Opéra-Comique, with decors by François Boucher. ''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' had little in the way of plot or theme but instead was a series of danced pictures inspired by the ''Chinoiserie'' designs of the Rococo that embroidered upon descriptions of China by travellers and explorers. The ballet was Noverre's first great success. The 1755 London production was completely destroyed by anti-French rioters on the eve of the Seven Years' War.
==Background==
Jean-Georges Noverre was born in Paris 29 April 1727 and studied dance under Louis Dupré. He began his professional career in 1743 with appearances at the Opéra-Comique in Paris. There, he learned to direct gesture and movement and observed the Italian comedians with their emphasis on improvisational and physical theatre. Before Noverre there was no dance technique involved in ballets; such spectacles were loosely organized around a story or theme, but the dance movement itself was largely formal and ornamental, with only a very limited range of mime gestures to convey the action. He used this new, revolutionary production as a response and a contrast to the ballets of the time. "Noverre points out, this kind of performer is rare. He…thinks that the actor-dancer must rise to the challenge of translating a verbal description into stage action, that this involves not just performance, but interpretation." At the age of twenty Noverre became ballet master in Marseilles and choreographed ''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' to music probably by Jean-Philippe Rameau, though Noverre did not specify a composer in his libretto. The ballet was first performed in 1751 or earlier, possibly at Marseilles or Strasbourg. After brief artistic sojourns in Lyon (where the ballet was revived during the 1751 season) and Strasbourg, Noverre returned to Paris in 1754. ''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' was staged in a production by the impresario Jean Monnet at the Opéra-Comique on 1 July 1754 to great acclaim.
The ballet designs were the fruit of Boucher's friendship with Jean Monnet, which had resulted in designs for Monnet at the Théâtre de la Foire de Saint Laurent "as early as 1743." ''Le Nouveau Calendrier des spectacles de Paris'' described the scene of ''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' as "an avenue ending in terraces and a flight of steps leading to a palace" then changing to a public square decorated for a festival and continuing with subsequent scene shifts of which the ''Calendrier'' remarked "M. Monnet has spared nothing that could possibly assist M. Noverre's rich imagination".〔
''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' was semi-realistic in style and consisted of danced pictures with little plot. Elements of the real and the ideal were incorporated into the work, which evoked the exotic China of travellers and explorers, and the fantastic Cathay of the ''chinoiserie'' designers of the Rococo.〔Following Marco Polo's travels to China, Europe developed a growing fascination with Chinese decorative arts. Lacquers, porcelains, tapestries, and ceramics were highly prized. By 1601, a ballet of Chinese princes dressed in feathers, mirrors, and black and white was produced and in 1700 Saint-Simon noted that a ball at Versailles was supplemented with "booths for the merchants of various countries—China, Japan, etc. —offering vast quantities of objects of beauty and ''vertu'' ()." In 1723, the stage work ''Arlequin Pagode et Médicin'' displayed a backdrop depicting the Imperial Palace in Peking; in 1751, the French Academy in Rome gave a procession in Chinese style to honor Madame de Pompadour's brother; and in 1755, Voltaire's ''L'Orphelin de la Chine'' dramatized Confucian morals. The painter François Boucher may have actually depicted Noverre's theatrical China in a series of tapestry cartoons.〕〔 Instead of presenting miscellaneous ''divertissements'' or a ''suite de danses'', Noverre went beyond traditional court ballets in ''Les Fêtes Chinoises'' to create a cohesive, integrated work consistent in locale and atmosphere, and one which focused on a single rich style with little dramatic action. Such a presentation was, for his audience, something new and striking. In the early years of his career, Noverre felt all types, nationalities, and conditions of men were fit for depiction in dance, but at the close of his career he recanted and wrote that only nobly born heroes and heroines (mostly of antiquity) were appropriate for the dignity of stage dancing.〔 Late in life he took a dislike to ''Les Fêtes'' and omitted it from his published librettos.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Les Fêtes Chinoises」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|